Liquid penetrant inspection is a method that is used to reveal surface breaking flaws by bleed out of a coloured or fluorescent dye from the flaw. The technique is based on the ability of a liquid to be drawn into a “clean” surface breaking flaw by capillary action.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Casting / Forgings / Valves

Liquid penetrant inspection is a method that is used to reveal surface breaking flaws by bleed out of a coloured or fluorescent dye from the flaw. The technique is based on the ability of a liquid to be drawn into a “clean” surface breaking flaw by capillary action.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Casting / Forgings / Valves

Magnetic particle inspection (MPI) is a non destructive testing method used for defect detection in magnetic materials. MPI is fast and relatively easy to apply, and part surface preparation is not as critical as it is for some other NDT methods. These characteristics make MPI one of the most widely utilized non destructive testing methods.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Casting / Forgings / Valves

In radiographic testing, the part to be inspected is placed between the radiation source and a piece of radiation sensitive film. The radiation source can either be an X-ray machine or a radioactive source. The radiation that passes through the part will expose the film and forms a shadow graph of the part. The film darkness (density) will vary with the amount of radiation reaching the film through the test object where darker areas indicate more exposure (higher radiation intensity) and lighter areas indicate less exposure (higher radiation intensity).

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Gamma Rays (Iridium 192)
• Profile Radiography
• Casting / Forgings / Regulators

Ultrasonic Testing (UT) uses high frequency sound energy to conduct examinations and make measurements. Ultrasonic inspection can be used for flaw detection/evaluation, dimensional measurements, material characterization, and more. To illustrate the general inspection principle, a typical pulse/echo inspection configuration as illustrated below will be used.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Lamination Checking in Plates/Pipes
• Casting / Forgings / Valves

Eddy currents are created through a process called electromagnetic induction. When alternating current is applied to the conductor, such as copper wire, a magnetic field develops in and around the conductor. This magnetic field expands as the alternating current rises to maximum and collapses as the current is reduced to zero. If another electrical conductor is brought into the close proximity to this changing magnetic field, current will be induced in this second conductor. Eddy currents are induced electrical currents that flow in a circular path. They get their name from “eddies” that are formed when a liquid or gas flows in a circular path around obstacles when conditions are right.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Painted Surface
• Jack Up Rig, Semi Submersible Rigs, Marine & Offshore Structures
• Casting / Forgings / Valves

Positive Material Identification is a well established analytical materials testing and materials identification technique used throughout industrial plant as well as within the metal assembly and component manufacturing industries. It guarantees a material’s elemental composition as required for safety compliance and quality control.

• Alloy Steel Pipes including clad pipes
• Alloy Steel Flanges and Forgings
• Alloy Steel Fittings including clad fittings
• Alloy Steel Fasteners
• Alloy cast and forged steel valves
• Alloy Steel instrumentation items (control valves, safety valves, etc.)
• Longitudinal values and fitting welds
• Gaskets (for ring type joints)

Visual inspection, with or without optical aids, is the original method of NDT. Many defects are surface-breaking and can be detected by careful direct visual inspection. Optical aids include low-power magnifiers, microscopes, telescopes and also specialised devices such as boroscopes, endoscopes and other fibre-optic devices for the inspection of restricted access areas. These devices can also be used with television camera systems. Much of the success of visual inspection depends on the surface condition and the lighting arrangements.

• Internal Pipe Weld Root Inspection
• Blockage, cleanliness and condition inspection
• Pressure vessel internal inspection
• Alloy Steel Fasteners
• Alloy cast and forged steel valves
• Alloy Steel instrumentation items (control valves, safety valves, etc.)
• Longitudinal values and fitting welds
• Gaskets (for ring type joints)

Although time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) can be used for a variety of applications, its primary use is rapid weld testing of circumferential and axial weld seams, also known as perpendicular TOFD scanning. Since the introduction of TOFD in the 1970s, the use of this reputed reliable non destructive testing technique has steadily increased. Manual execution is possible with TOFD, however, it is most commonly performed in combination with a recording device, that is, an encoder or industrial scanner. To achieve code compliance in North America, TOFD is often coupled with pulse-echo or phased array techniques in order to cover the root and cap regions of the weld.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• ToFD in lieu of Radiography Testing (ASME Sec VIII, API 620, ASME B31.3, B31.1)

Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) is a term that refers to any heat treatment that is applied to a material after welding. The process is often used to improve the properties of the weldment. In most cases, the goal of PWHT is to increase the resistance of the material to brittle fracture by relaxing residual stresses which can occur in weldment due to restraint by the parent metal during weld solidification.

• Weld inspection – Structural / Piping
• Casting / Forgings / Valves